History Of Prisons Essay Example For Students

History Of Prisons Essay PHCCHistory of PrisonsIntro to CorrectionsDale L. Smith02-01-01BIBLIOGRAPHY Dreidger, Sharon Doyle, and Kevin Marron. Canada: Special ReportThe Prison System. Macleans. Toronto, Canada. April 15,1996 p.24+. Haiti: Human Rights Practices, 1995. Nation Reports of Human Rights Practices for 1995. Walk 1996. Hongda, Harry W. A Grim Organ Harvest in Chinas Prisons World Press Review. June 1995. p. 22-23. Lawrence, David Aguila. In Latin America, Revolting Jail Life. Christian Science Monitor. April 14, 1997. p.6. Jail. Microsoft Encarta. 1993. Quick, Richard. Criminal Justice New Internationalist. August 1996. p.7-22. The Russian Federation: Broken Promises and Shattered Lives. Acquittal International News. London, England. June 1996 p.3-6. Turkey: Prisoners on Hunger Strike Close to Death-Stop Ill Treatment of Prisoners Says Amnesty International. June 13,1996. Rundown OF ILLUSTRATIONS1.Illustration 1 n2.Illustration 2 n3.Illustration 3 n4.Illustration 4 n5.Illustration 5 nLIST OF TABLES1.Table 1 n2.Table 2 n3.Table 3 n4.Table 4 n5.Table 5 nThe PRISONS According to Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, jail is an establishment for the repression of people indicted for criminal offenses. Since the beginning, most social orders have assembled places in which to hold people blamed for criminal acts pending some type of preliminary. Confining people after a preliminary as discipline for their violations is moderately new. During the fifteenth century in Europe, the punishments for wrongdoings were some type of flogging like whippings for less genuine violations and execution or subjugation for increasingly genuine offenses. In mid sixteenth century England, transients and insignificant guilty parties were focused on remedial foundations known as workhouses. During the rule of Queen Elizabeth I, the administration moved indicted criminals to the English settlements. The discipline was thought of as the hard work to which the detainees were entrusted. It wasnt until the seventeenth century that that people sentenced for violations could be rebuffed by control and discharged after a timeframe. During the seventeenth century, England and other European nations like Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands started detaining indebted individuals, reprobate adolescents, minor misdemeanant, and criminals. Early correctional facilities were for the most part dull, stuffed, and smudged. Detainees were crowded togeth er aimlessly, with no partition of people, the youthful and old, the indicted and unconvicted, or the normal and crazy. In America the idea of detainment came in view of profound strict convictions. The English Quaker William Penn nullified capital punishment for most wrongdoings in the late 1600s and subbed detainment. The Pennsylvania governing body supplanted capitalpunishment with imprisonment as the essential discipline for criminals in 1789. By the mid-nineteenth century most states had taken action accordingly. Two models of penitentiaries rose in the United States. The main framework started in Auburn State Prison in New York in 1817. Detainees cooperated in all out quietness during the day, yet were housed independently around evening time. Exacting order was authorized, and violators were dependent upon extreme responses. The subsequent model, the Pennsylvania framework, started in 1829 in the Eastern State Penitentiary at Cherry Hill, depended on isolation for convicts by day and night. There was a great deal of discussion about the two frameworks. Individuals who supported the Pennsylvania model concentrated on its desire for restoration, the hypothesis being that a criminal alone in a cell with just a Bible to peruse would get contrite. This is the place the term prison originated from. The Auburn framework was censured as being virtual subjugation, since detainees were frequently given something to do for private business visionaries who had contracted with the state for their work. Detainees of the framework were never paid leaving a decent benefit for the entrepreneurs and the state. Individuals who put stock in the Auburn framework said that the inertness of the detainees in the Cherry Hill prison now and again caused frenzy. The movement of the detainees and the benefits from their work implied the state didnt need to fund the jail. Most states embraced the Auburn methodology. European nations embraced the Pennsylvania model. .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 , .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .postImageUrl , .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 , .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:hover , .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:visited , .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:active { border:0!important; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:active , .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:hover { haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-embellishment: underline; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub3029c1f1daefa d6dad1b8a2f41f2c67 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub3029c1f1daefad6dad1b8a2f41f2c67:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Martin luther ruler jr. 9 EssayPrivate business had consistently been against the mechanical Auburn model jail. They considered the unpaid jail work uncalled for rivalry. Early worker's organizations tested the thought. As the work impact developed in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth hundreds of years, emotional changes happened. By the 1920s work and philanthropic pundits accomplished their objective of seriously confining jail

Teacher Leadership as a Catalyst for Change

Key Message Insights to be Gleaned from Babel, the Movie Free Essays

The two-overlay message of Babel, a film by Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu, is human fragility and interconnectedness of lives. Most people will in general feel that their activities are unimportant, and frequently take individuals like family †alongside other beneficial things transpiring †for allowed. At all normal ways, people’s lives are interwoven. We will compose a custom paper test on Key Message Insights to be Gleaned from Babel, the Movie or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now As a rule, however, as a culture conveys itself to other people, boundaries emerge, hindering a genuine association. The film in like manner portrays that there are times when individuals carry on unreasonably, which might be a piece of human instinct, and there will consistently be a point in time when individuals will encounter Murphy’s Law, regularly comprehended as 'Whatever can turn out badly will turn out badly, and even under the least favorable conditions conceivable time, in the most exceedingly terrible conceivable way. ’ In such examples, individuals might be burdened by incidents or disaster, however in those occasions, there are the individuals who stick to one another for help. Despite the injury, people comprised of sterner stuff meet people's high expectations. A great many people, at long last, likewise own up to their missteps and accept duty regarding their activities just as for their nearest of family or unions. Individuals are not reliable, and may once in a while have little command over conditions unfurling in their lives. Similarly as the Biblical significance of the film’s title means (the Tower of Babel is alluded to as a gaudy structure worked by Noah’s relatives for their own brilliance, however divine intercession obfuscated up their tongue and they neglected to comprehend one another’s discourse, and wound up dissipated across lands), Babel, the film, highlights four interlocking stories where the characters experience some open hindrance alongside a feeling of distance from the remainder of mankind, and are pushed to the edge. Each impediment that the characters experience, in any case, is introduced as a chance to enhance the human condition. All things considered, Babel features how the human soul can beat basic difficulties or extraordinary obstacles. Expectation as an all inclusive thing is unmistakably communicated. Then again, bedlam as a steady component on the planet is additionally featured. The nearness of a weapon all through the movie’s fundamental plot and subplots shows how a shot can make a far reaching influence, trigger untold agony, and change the lives of its casualties for eternity. It shows up increasingly like an imagery of how weapons can be abused. As each of the movie’s focal characters set out on an excursion of scars †in a remote setting in Morocco with its brushing lands and forlorn tracts, and in another piece of the world, Tokyo, with its radiant yet desolate megalopolis †they see their lives disentangling, yet are uninformed of the ongoing idea going through them. Basically, human delicacy and frustration are exemplified by Babel’s focal characters †a couple going in Morocco so as to genuinely reconnect; a Mexican caretaker who brings their kids over the US-Mexican outskirt without the parents’ authorization to go to her son’s wedding; a herder and his two little fellows; and a high school hard of hearing quiet urgently looking for consideration from her dad and companions in Tokyo. As destiny would have it, a rifle winds up in the ownership of a neighborhood herder who representatives to his young children the undertaking of guarding the family’s crowd from jackals. While energetically testing the rifle’s limit, the more youthful child of the herder coincidentally shoots the woman vacationer, truly harming her. The following occasions discover the voyaging couple’s caretaker confronting capture and expelling for her unapproved activity; and the high school hard of hearing quiet persevering through a terrible reality as social pariah. All these tormented spirits endeavor to relieve the torment and seclusion they experience as they grapple with hardships and changes. The equal emergencies happen all the while, and as the families manage their particular obstacles, they address a significant expense †with their spirit, poise, opportunity and life. By and large, it is a decent film that astutely delineates the human condition and how individuals will put forth an admirable attempt to endure or discover tricky satisfaction or significance in a defective existence where activities have sway on others. Reference Inarritu, A. G. (Maker/Director). (2006). Babel. US: Paramount Pictures Corporation. The most effective method to refer to Key Message Insights to be Gleaned from Babel, the Movie, Papers

Price Determination under a Freely Operating Market System Essay

Value Determination under a Freely Operating Market System - Essay Example This aides in the assurance of the kind of products to be created and the amount of that specific that is required to be delivered. Presently, regardless of whether a buyer of the merchandise would get it or not helps in the assurance of the amount of a specific kind of products to be created (Haber, 2000, p.10). The ongoing fall in costs of private properties in UK has been clarified utilizing the market hypothesis in this investigation. Assurance of Price in a Market A market can be viewed as made out of two of its basic parts. They are: gracefully and request. The cost of a product is resolved through the association of these two market powers, for example flexibly and request of the product in the market. As talked about before advertise is where trade of wares happens between the providers and purchasers. Anyway this kind of exchange can occur just when both the dealers and purchasers have settled upon a cost for the specific product that is associated with the exchange. Flexibl y can be characterized as the amount of products or administrations a business firm has in offer available to be purchased in the market and it is offered at a pre-decided value set by the business firm. Then again, request is the amount of products or administrations which the customers are happy to purchase at a predefined value (Goldberg, 2000, p.72). In a uninhibitedly working business sector framework, the merchants and purchasers are allowed to do the exchange of merchandise and ventures at a commonly concurred cost and they are not interceded by some other people or substances. In this manner in a free market the costs of the products or administrations are uninhibitedly set and depend on the flexibly and request of the executed merchandise or administrations. A portion of the key determinants of a free market economy are: a) Prices decided uninhibitedly, b) Rights and motivations related with the property, c) Freedom of exchanging at home or abroad, d) Government’s jo b, and e) the private organisation’s job (Taylor, 2006, p.14-15). Balance Price Figure-1 appeared underneath speaks to two unique bends which are the flexibly and request bends. Both of these bends are found to meet at a point which is known as the purpose of harmony. It is really the market’s balance (Government of Alberta: Agriculture and Rural Development, 2012). The relating amount and cost of items at the purpose of harmony are known as balance amount and the balance cost. It is the activities taken by the dealers and the purchasers which help in driving the market towards this balance cost or at the end of the day the balance of the flexibly and request (Mankiw, 2011, p.77). Figure-1 Equilibrium Price Supply Equilibrium Price Demand Equilibrium Quantity Source: (Author’s Creation) Residential Property Prices in UK It has been seen that the costs of private properties in United Kingdom (UK) have fallen significantly in the course of recent years. This watch ed wonder can be clarified through the market hypothesis including the two market parts, specifically, gracefully and request of the private properties in UK. The world economy alongside UK encountered a lodging blast

Shariah Issues in Islamic Banking : Bay Al-Inah, Tawarruq and Wa’d

Dynamic The ascending of the Islamic banking and money industry is an immediate reaction to the developing mindfulness among Muslim in regards to the need of option budgetary items and administrations that is consented to the educating of Islam. To be explicitly, the interest depends on the shirking of the component of Riba which is generally and on a very basic level rehearsed in the customary financial industry. The endeavor by the Islamic banking and account industry had so far been effective and it could be seen by the starting of wide scope of Shariah consistent budgetary items and transaction.However, none of us can ensure that the Shariah agreeable items affirmed are sans shortcoming totally. Among the acts of the business, the act of Bay al-Inah or the act of offer and repurchase, Tawarruq which generally utilized in Malaysia, have been censured emphatically particularly the voices from the Middle East. The other issue that will be talked about quickly in this undertaking pap er is the relevance of Wa’d , the one-sided guarantee. Key terms of the examination 1 Bay al-Inah 2 Tawarruq 3 Wa’d 4 Al Ijarah al Muntahiya Bittamleek 5 Statutory DeclarationObjectives of the exploration: Identify the issues of the Bay al-Inah , Tawarruq and Wa’d experienced by the Islamic financial industry and proposition of an elective answer for it. List of chapters GENERAL INTRODUCTION SHARIAH ISSUE ONE: Bay al-Inah †¢The Concept †¢Current Practice of the Industry †¢Legitimacy of the Bay al-Inah †¢Alternative Solution SHARIAH ISSUE TWO: Tawarruq †¢The Concept †¢Current Practice of the Industry †¢Legitimacy of the Tawarruq †¢Alternative Solution SHARIAH ISSUE THREE: Wa’d †¢The Concept †¢Legitimacy of Wa’d †¢Solution CONCLUSION REFERENCES GENERAL INTRODUCTIONThe ascending of the Islamic banking and fund industry is an immediate reaction to the developing mindfulness among Muslim in regards to the need of option monetary items and administrations that is conformed to the instructing of Islam. To be explicitly, the interest depends on the shirking of the component of Riba which is generally and on a very basic level rehearsed in the ordinary financial industry. The endeavor by the Islamic banking and money industry had so far been fruitful and it could be seen by the starting of wide scope of Shariah agreeable monetary items and transaction.However, none of us can ensure that the Shariah consistent items affirmed are without flaw completely. Among the acts of the business, the act of Bay al-Inah or the act of offer and repurchase, Tawarruq which usually utilized in Malaysia, have been scrutinized unequivocally particularly the voices from the Middle East. The other issue that will be examined quickly in this venture paper is the pertinence of Wa’d , the one-sided guarantee. SHARIAH ISSUE ONE: Bay al-Inah THE CONCEPTLinguistically, the term â€Å"Inah† conv eys the significance of salaf, or getting a credit. It is utilized in this significance to allude to buying using a loan. It could likewise be a subordinate of the term â€Å"ayn†, which additionally implies present resources, that is money. Along these lines, it means a circumstance whereby one buys a benefit for its resulting deal on money that is required by him. Narrows al-Inah is commonly characterized as a plan whereby a merchant offers to the purchaser some item for money conceded installment; at that point, at the same time, the vender mmediately repurchases a similar article for a lesser sum than the conceded cost in real money. In this manner, the exchange adds up to a credit whereby the distinction between the two costs speaks to the intrigue . Usual way of doing things: The above chart shows the usual way of doing things of the Bay al-Inah that has been rehearsed by the Islamic banks in Malaysia up until this point. In this exchange, the bank offers its resource f or the client who needs liquidity on layaway. The cost under the deal incorporates the bank’s overall revenue charged on the customer.Subsequently, the bank repurchases the advantage from the client for money installment. In the end, the client gets the money installment, and follow through on the bank the conceded cost over a residency by occasional portions which comprises a similar impact and aftereffect of a credit . CURRENT PRACTICE IN THE INDUSTRY In Malaysia, the act of Inah may take 2 names, contingent upon the first proprietor of the advantage. On the off chance that the advantage for be utilized has a place with the client, the agreement is known as Bay Bithaman Ajil (BBA). In the event that the advantage has a place with the bank, at that point the agreement will be named as Bay al-Inah. ven however the authoritative reports may contrast from one financing to the another, yet the normal documentation will comprise of Property Purchase Agreement (PPA) and Property S ale Agreement (PSA). Furthermore, the Master Facility Agreement will likewise be set up to epitomize and detail out every single fundamental element of the office allowed. These records uncovers that however the two deal contracts are executed independently without making one of them restrictive to the next, the ace office Agreement has plainly demonstrated the aim of the gatherings in going into these two back to back deal contracts.LEGITIMACY OF BAY AL-INAH The principle advocates of Bay al-Inah is the Shafii school. The Shafii legal advisers have represent their reasonability in a circumstance whereby an individual sells a ware on money or credit terms and hands over belonging, and the gatherings separate with common delight about the agreement, it is allowable for him to buy it from the past purchaser for a sum equivalent to, higher, or lower than the previous cost, of a similar money as in the past or extraordinary, paying money or oncredit, in the wake of getting installment f or the past deal or before it.On this premise, as per the legitimate position maintained by the Shafii researchers, the two free agreements, mutually referres to as â€Å"Inah† are held substantial, yet unforgivable. This guideline even applied when one of the two gatherings is known for the act of Inah, as indicated by the rule maintained by the Shafii school, the aim of the gatherings, in any event, when it happens to be inadmissible, doesn't bring about the weakness of the agreement, except if such goal is given articulation in the authoritative text.As an outcome, it will be the situation whereby even the circumstance shows the parties’ aim to complete a subsequent deal, this won't require the shortcoming of the agreement. In a basic word, the Shafii school considered the expectation of the gatherings possibly considered when the invalid aim is unequivocally written in the agreement . In the opposite side, the Maliki and Hanbali schools opined that the agreement of Bay al-Inah isn't valid.The Maliki legal scholars have arranged the procedure being referred to under buyu’ al-ajal, which worries on the conversation of different type of two deal contract being occurring in succession including blend of various costs and periods. They have depicted 9 potential varieties, the passability of two of which have been subjects of various sentiments, while there is unanimity relating to the rest. It was said that when one sells an item on a conceded installment and from there on buys it once more, the cost in the subsequent exchange could be conceded for a period equivalent to the principal, shorter than the first, or longer.In every one of these circumstances, the cost of the subsequent exchange could be equivalent to that of the primary, lower than, or higher. The sorts where legal scholars have contrasted are: - where the cost of the subsequent exchange is lower than that of the first, and is on a money premise; and - where the cost of the sub sequent exchange is higher than that of the first and is conceded for a more drawn out period. Imam Maliki and different law specialists respect these arrangements invalid.They considered the second exchange alongside the first, and respect the grounds reasonable enough to presume that the object is to trade a measure of cash with a higher sum that is conceded, which considerably comprises the disallowed Riba. Thus, the exchange goes about as a vehicle for accomplishing what is precluded and it is invalid naturally. The Hanbali school concurred that the Bay al-Inah isn't substantial as the distinction of the selling cost of an item with overall revenue and the lesser purchasing value exchange fill in as a road prompting Riba.One could try to legitimize the offer of one thousand against one thousand 500 by including a benefit thusly. In any case, it was likewise referenced that if the cost of the subsequent exchange is equivalent to that or higher than the main exchange, at that poin t it is admissible since no edge equivalent to the idea of Riba is included. The above decision applies where the item had not reduced in any way after its deal. On the off chance that it had reduced, it could be bought at any cost, as any decline in the cost could be against the loss of significant worth in the benefit, and not with the end goal of Riba.If the buy is against another advantage, or the primary deal was against a benefit and the ware is then repurchased for money, it is admissible because of the way that Riba isn't pertinent among cash and items. In the event that the principal deal is on money, and the subsequent deal happens through another cash, it is admissible. Essentially, the assurance of legitimacy in contract depends on the parties’ thought process and legitimacy in deal viable, the rationale of the gatherings is illicit will put the deal invalid aas it comprises a legitimate gadget to get a credit with intrigue which ought to be averted.Imam Hanifah f rom the Hanafi school opined that if the two costs are to such an extent that Riba could be appropriate, for example, gold and silver, and are indistinguishable in type, for instance: gold, it isn't permitted to repurchase the sold item aside from at a cost equivalent to the first, with no expansion or reduction in cost. On the off chance that the cost of the principal deal was with the end goal that Riba isn't appropriate, for example, products, he may repur

Americanah essay topics have many advantages. They can help you get started with your Americanah essay topic and may also provide you with a fresh point of view. Americanah Essay Topics - Top Five Essay Topics

Americanah essay topics have many advantages. They can help you get started with your Americanah essay topic and may also provide you with a fresh point of view. Americanah Essay Topics - Top Five Essay TopicsLooking for Americanah essay topics? Here is a list of the top five topics to consider when writing your paper.These are the most common Americanah essay topics:Americanah in the United States. You might want to examine how the early settlers perceived American society and its current population. This will be an important part of your paper.Americanah in the contemporary world. One interesting idea you can explore is the difference between the way the early settlers perceived American society, and the way the modern society sees it. How does the American experience compare to the contemporary experience?Americanah in the future. For this theme, it is important to determine if American society and culture are changing for the better or the worse. Is it inevitable that the America n way of life will change in some ways, while others will remain unchanged?One of the most common themes you can use for Americanah essay topics is that of migration. You might consider writing about the migration from Cuba to the United States, or the early migration to California.One of the most popular Americanah essay topics is the idea of immigration. Immigration has taken a different direction since the Kennedy Administration, but it's still something that many consider important.

Strategies for New SAT Math

With the increase number of concepts on the test, it is my sense that many students are going to get bogged down in the minutiae of each kind of question (gee, I don’t think I really understand how to divide complex polynomials to figure out what the remainder is). What is ultimately the most important factor is how well you are able to focus for a few hours and wade through all the language to get at the answer. In the end, many questions you’ll be able to answer correctly, won’t be questions that you will answer correctly. Do Timed Practice Why is this? Well, you will not have likely done as many timed drills on dense word problems. This is a skill in of itself, and one that most will end up ignoring in favor of studying some concept that has a relatively low chance of showing up on the test, and showing up the way you think it will. Review Math Weaknesses At the same time, do concept review in weak areas, and this is especially the case if you are struggle at math. Always remember, the time practice sessions are going to make you a better test taker and that’s where you’ll be able to see a lot of your score improvement. Do Mixed Math Practice Another good strategy, when doing drills, is to make sure you do mixed practice sets. That is, don’t only focus on algebra or passport to advanced math. Do actual practice tests that have the random variety of question types that you’ll see test day. Part of difficulty is often figuring out the subject that is being tested. By having that given to you from the get go, it dulls your ability to recognize this concept. Know that SAT Math Difficulty Increases Yet, one last area in which practice tests will help you is in the grading of difficulty. Remember, the test is written in such a way so that a certain difficulty-level question is usually at a certain spot in the section. This relationship tends to be pretty linear in the sense that the higher the number within a specific math section (the difficulty will â€Å"reset† when you get to Student-Produced Response (SPR) questions), the harder the question. Knowing this can help you catch careless errors. Did the last question in the section seem too easy? You might have missed something. Does one of the earlier questions seem impossible? Make sure you read the question again, because there might be some vital information that you are forgetting. Finally, make sure you take those practice tests about once a week. That way you can get exposure to the nuanced ways the test is constructed, you can get information on whether or not you are improving (and use this to tweak how you’ve been studying), and you can get used to what’s going to happen on test day; with also lots of sitting and lots of focusing. Looking for more tips to crush the SAT Math section? Check out our video below:

The Fast Food Industry Has a Harmful Effect on Society

Thesis: The fast food industry has a harmful affect on society. Topic Sentence 1: Fast food causes Coronary Artery Disease. Topic Sentence 2: Fast food is popular among our nation. Topic Sentence 3: The environment is affected by the fast food industry. We provide food that customers love, day after day after day. People just want more of it†(Ray Kroc, Founder of McDonald’s). Coronary Artery Disease is a type of heart disease and the most common cause of heart attacks. Plaque from eating unhealthy foods, builds up in the arteries, the arteries harden and begin to become narrow and can cause chest pain and heart attacks. Fast food popularity is the amount of customers a fast food establishment has and retains. Popularity is important to fast food establishments because it’s what keeps the company going. The environment is affected by the fast food industry because of the amount of pollution and trash they produce on a daily basis. The fast food industry has a harmful affect on society. Fast food causes Coronary Artery Disease. Nancy Clarks indicates â€Å"Fast food contains high amounts of cholesterol and salt, two nutrients that contribute to cardiovascular health problems† (parag. 2). Fast food is known to be unhealthy, it is high in fat, sodium, and cholesterol which can cause Atherosclerosis and lead to Heart Disease. The U.S Center for Disease Control and Prevention claim there is a direct link between sodium and high blood pressure. Fast food is high in sodiumShow MoreRelatedFood Nation : The Dark Side Of The All American Meal1299 Words   |  6 PagesOF PROCESSED FOODS TO HUMAN HEALTH Processed foods, refers to any deliberate alteration or modification of foodstuff before its availability for consumption. 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Foer quotes using reports from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN â€Å"Factory farming has made animal agriculture the No. 1 contributor to global warming†¦and one of the Top 2 or 3 causes of the most serious environmental problems, both global and local:Read MoreENG4U IP EO1142 Words   |  5 PagesSoft Drinks and Junk Food Huang Kunting(Alice) Ms. Costa ENG4U-S7 January 22, 2015 Introduction Paragraph â€Å"Once you start dipping it’s hard to stop† (â€Å"Chicken McNugget†) is how McDonald’s describe Chicken McNuggets. People never stop their enthusiasm for McDonald’s. However, those fast food are defined as junk foods which contain numerous calories and are rarely good for health. Moreover, not only junk food but also soft drinks can affect society negatively. 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Transcontinental Rail Road - 1303 Words

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Health Care Reform The New Definition of Socialism Essay

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Market Segmentation and Decision Making †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discussn about the Market Segmentation and Decision Making. Answer: Introduction Marketing is the most important aspect of all businesses presently. Marketing plays a vital role in the growth and sustaining of any business. For this proper marketing management is to be observed by the organisations. In the context of the Woolworths supermarket chain, Australia, the study of marketing management has been reflected. In this paper, different aspects of marketing management of Woolworths which includes market segmentation, targeting, positioning, micro environment, macro environment, strengths and weaknesses of the organisation, opportunities and threats are discussed with valid evidences. The Woolworths supermarket chain is a leading name in the retail industry of Australia. It was founded in the year 1924, 5th December. Woolworths total no of employees are over 200 thousand, 6500 of them are serving the company and its customers for more than 25 years. It has contributed remarkably to the economy of Australia and it ranks 18th in the global retail industry. It pays off $ 2.1million to the government(Australian Food News, 2015). The Woolworths supermarket chain is actually a renowned and one of the ancient organisations of Australia, specialised for their food products and farm fresh vegetables, fruits and meat products. Woolworths is known to be the first to open fresh food stores in Australia. It has drastically transformed its business strategies over the century, reaching different countries of the world with its strongbusiness objectives. In Australian market Woolworths has solidified its position through fresh food supply direct from the farm and good service to the customers over years and offering good products at reasonable price. There are 190 000 employees out of which nearly 6500 are serving in the stores for over 25 years and over 28 million of loyal customers still choose Woolworths for their daily needs(Andaleeb, 2016). The Woolworths supermarket chain being one of the ancient and trusted organisation of Australia has an upper hand over the other companies. It has been serving customers with good food and better service at reasonable price since 1924. It has grown immensely since 1924 and now it has over 3000 stores across Australia and New Zealand. The agenda of Australian citizens to have healthy, farm fresh and local grown food has greatly benefitted Woolworths in its business(Global Farmers in Australia, 2016). Recently it has launched sushi stores outside the supermarkets which avails fresh and handmade sushi by the chefs in-stores. Besides, fresh sea-fishes are another attraction of the Woolworths supermarkets. In spite of the fierce competition in a market like Australia with new companies popping in Woolworths has been able to sustain its position quite strongly in the market of Australia. The Woolworths supermarket group have earned $56.7 billion of annual turnover in 2012. It pays the Australian govt. $2.1 billion tax. It earned $48.6 per share in 2015 which is a good profit level. Moreover it employed over 190,000 of people which means it contributes to the economy of Australia significantly(Booth Coveney, 2015). Macro Environment (Pestle Factor) The macro environment of the Woolworths supermarket group includes political, economic, social, technical, legal and environmental factors which influence the organisational operations. Political: Woolworths is a very renowned organisation and it has faced all the ups and downs of political disturbances and upheaval of the nation, and managed to keep it position intact. Political condition of any nation highly influences the organisational activities, both internal and external. Issues regarding the consumption of liquor can be recently found in Australia, which can affect the company (Wardle, 2015). Economic: A nations economic condition contributes to the growth of any business. Conditions like recession and unemployment affects the organisational growth. However the economic condition of Australia has elevated a lot which has contributed to the growth of the company. Social: The social condition of Australia has improved drastically since 1924, when Woolworths began. The income of the middle class has increased considerably and the outlook of the people towards food habits has changed remarkably. The inclination towards healthy foods and local farm products has greatly influenced the companys growth. Technological: Technologically Australia is very rich, with numerous companies supplying new machineries, gadgets and invention of new farming techniques have benefitted the organisation. Moreover the digital media has eased the efforts of Woolworths from the beginning. The Woolworths supermarket group was the first to introduce self-help stores. Environmental: Natural environment of a country greatly serves to the growth of a business. For food chains like Woolworths, environment plays very important role in the smooth functioning of the company, since these food based organisations are dependent upon the cultivation and farms directly. Woolworths takes care of the environmental issues like wastage of water, garbage dumping, location of warehouses in safe regions and environment pollutions. Legal: The legislation of the nation determines the healthy growth of the businesses. The organisation needs to comply with the food laws. It needs to meet the standards of the food set by government in its products. Moreover in case of opening new outlets it needs to follow the regulations set by the govt. and licenses need to be renewed from time to time (Kew Stredwick, 2017) Outline and examine the major market segments for the organisation and identify the primary and secondary target markets. Woolworths has efficiently identified the market segments it has to keep its grip continuing. The customers of Woolworths are varied ranging from the regular shoppers to online shoppers and the liquor lovers. From time to time it has been launching new services and schemes to keep adding new customers and creating a host of loyal customers. As mentioned before Woolworths have 28million loyal customers out of which nearly 14.6 million are regular buyers. Woolworths has successfully positioned itself into the homes and minds of customers. It offers to the customers a plethora of choices in their stores knowing the different customer demands. Its stores are filled with stocks of various ranges which are up-to-date, fresh and reliable for the customers (Andaleeb, 2016). Woolworths new addition to its business strategies are fresh sea-fish corners in the stores which stocks fresh packed fish fillets and choices of different sauces for no extra cost. Another attraction of the Woolworths is the availability of meat and beef freshly supplied from the farms for the meat lovers, well-packed and easy to carry. Recently sushi bars have been introduced outside the supermarkets which sell fresh and hot handmade sushi by the chefs in stores for the healthy-food lovers. This way Woolworths have successfully occupied the position in the minds of the customers of different backgrounds and diverse lifestyles (Woolworths Group, 2017). The Woolworths supermarket group is the leading retail industry in Australia. It has 43% of the total Australian market share which is quite huge portion. Woolworths enjoys an annual turnover of $56.7 billion. It pays the government huge taxes which accounts $2.1 billion. Woolworths have successfully gripped the Australian market and New Zealand market which are its primary target market. But Woolworths compared to other MNCs have very few markets globally(Rajabian Tabesh, Batt, Butler, 2016). In recent years it has developed its subsidiaries in nations like China, India, South Africa and Japan. While other multinational retail industries like Wal-Mart has successfully grabbed global retail industry shares through its business in US, Canada, Mexico, UK, Asia, South America, Europe. Though its very important for Woolworths to extend its business globally, international market can be considered as the secondary market. Since Australia and New Zealand is the home ground for Woolworths, it needs to keep its grip tight over the home market while trying for global market. It has been ranked 18th in the global retail industry market which is very important for Australia (Wilkins, G., 2014). Discuss the level of involvement the primary segment is likely to have towards the organisation in terms of decision making. The primary segment of Woolworths refers to the grocery shoppers, liquor lovers, household shoppers and the online shoppers. It is said in recent report that Woolworths is likely to change its strategies towards a better experience for both the online and stores customers. It is said that they will keep the prices for the online shoppers in par with the store prices, so that they put Woolworths always first on the list. Segmentation as we know is a very important part of the marketing strategy. It helps the organisation to understand the behaviour of different groups of customers. Segmentation as known can be done in three ways geographic, demographic and psychographic. Woolworths focuses on all the three ways of segmentation that is why it has decided to refurbish 80 of its stores according to the demand of the local customers. Further they say that Lean Retail Model strategy will be applied under which $500,000 cost reduction will follow in the financial years of 2015-16 (Australia n Food News, 2015). To sustain its position and increase the annual sales Woolworths supermarket chain has announced a host of programmes for the customers. Also to grab the most share of the grocery basket of the customers Woolworths authorities have decided to improve the stocks in the stores, a Click and Collect procedure for the online shoppers have also been introduced which will ease the efforts of online shoppers and quick delivery will be followed. Through this program, a more convenient way of shopping for the online shoppers is reflected(Bailey, Price, Pyman, Parker, 2015). Further new stores opening in proportion with the increasing population in Australia and New Zealand has also been declared by M.D. Brad Banducci. More attractive loyalty programmes for the customers have been thought of by the Woolworths authority. Woolworths Rewards is a famous loyalty program in Australia and is most popular. From the above programs decided by the Woolworths authority reflects how the primary segment influences the decision making of the organisation. An organisation like Woolworths is always known for its dedication towards customers. Its customer feedback system enables it to know the demands of the customer and their advices and suggestions are always prioritised to help improve their products and services. The Voice of the Customers program and the Support Office are said to be very efficient customer feedback system through which daily feedback from customer are received. This proves that Woolworths supermarket group emphasizes on the customer feedbacks to improve their techniques and strategies. The primary segment is deeply involved in the decision making of Woolworths supermarket authorities (Woolworths Group, 2017). Describe the nature of competition in the industry. Explain and analyse the organisations place in the market by comparing and contrasting its strengths and weaknesses to the main competitor The Australian retail industry market has been majorly occupied by the Woolworths supermarket group with Australian market share of 43% until the growth of organisations like ALDI and Coles. Coles is definitely the main competitor of Woolworths with a total of 37% of the Australian market shares. The competition among the retailer tycoons Woolworths and Coles are fair. The competition lies in keeping the customers engaged in choosing a brand as the numero uno in their everyday list of household needs (Arli, Dylke, Burgess, Campus, Soldo, 2013). Woolworths has numerous businesses under different banners like Safeway Supermarket, Big W, Dan Murphy, Dick Smith and others which are spread all over Australia and New Zealand. The companies keep on bringing new strategies to the fore in order to attract and retain customers. Recently the Woolworths low pricing strategy was answered by the Coles in form of price rewind strategy. In 2011 it is reported that Woolworths with other major retail ers and suppliers developed a Charter of Fair Trade which encloses the key principles of supplier-retailer business relationship(Flannigan, 2011). Woolworths is leading in terms of Australian market shares. While Woolworths has 43% of market share, Coles is lagging behind at 37%. The financial performance of Woolworths is far better than Coles in terms of profit margin and revenue per share and annual sales even after the Easter adjustments. The total annual sale of Woolworths is $55.5 billion in 2017 while it is only $2.87billion for Coles in 2017(Woolworths Group, 2017). Woolworths is the reputed brand and it was ranked as the largest retailer in Australia and New Zealand in field of business size, range of products, services and prices. Also it has the reputation of meeting customer needs through innovative processes. In the year 2012 it was awarded as the sustainable retailer by BRM AMP Australian retailer. TheColes have a good reputation about their advertising and promotional campaigns which are better than Woolworths. Recently they have carried out promotional campaign in collaboration with Apple brand and other major suppliers Apple for Students which was successful(Smith, Smith, Hampson, Junor, 2015). The Coles also have a remarkable pricing strategy which characterizes different promotional offers and price cuts The relationship of Woolworths and its suppliers, producers and distributors are considered very strong and they take pride in it. Woolworths the Fresh Food Future programme in 2007, helped the farmers by encouraging and promoting sustainable agriculture. The Coles have recently gone through negative publicity about their relationship with the suppliers. This impacted their sale greatly. Woolworths and Coles both need to extend their businesses across the world. Though Woolworths have in recent years developed subsidiaries in nations like China, Japan, US, France but they have to face terrible competition with global retailers like Wal-Mart, Costco, Amazon, Tesco PLC and others (Baker, 2014). Woolworths has significantly facing debts in last few years which can affect the growth of the organisation. The Coles has also faced losses of $89 million in its hardware businesses in UK and Ireland ((SBS, 2017). Taking into consideration the primary segment, their level of involvement and the competition, create a positioning map for the market place. The primary segment as identified by the organisation is the grocery customers, liquor lovers and household shoppers. In the context of positioning an organisation can place itself in one of the four different quadrants in the positioning map. The positioning map is depicted in the figure below, It can be seen from the above diagram or the position map that an organisation can position itself in one among the four different quadrants. These are low price and high quality, low price, low quality, high price low quality and high price, high quality segments (Sohal, 2013). As Woolworths is an organisation which is widely known as the grocery market leader in Australia it will certainly position itself in the low price, high quality segment. Woolworths reserves this position to provide price competition to its rival firms. In order to do so Woolworths accrues fresh raw materials directly from the growers and farmers. This is the underlying strategy followed by Woolworths to maintain low price and at the same time provide high quality products as well. Conclusion Thus, it can be seen from the above paper, the influences of market segmentation on decision making for any organisation. Segmentation, targeting, positioning are the key components for marketing management. Moreover the Marketing management also involves evaluating the current market trends which are also discussed in terms of growth, profitability and the macro environment. Through Pestle analysis macro environment has been presented and also shown how it affects the growth of the organisation. Further the influence and involvement of the primary segment over the organisational policies has been described with valid evidences. The SWOT analysis helps to realize the position of the organisation and its growth tendencies can also be evaluated. Lastly a position map has also been created to clear the understanding of the reader about the organisation. Works Cited Andaleeb, S. S. (2016). Market Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning . In S. S. Andaleeb, Strategic Marketing Management in Asia: Case Studies and Lessons across Industries (pp. 179-207). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R., Soldo, E. (2013). Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration. Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura, 16(1), 1-11. Australian Food News. (2015). Woolworths announces new strategies to win over grocery shoppers, AFN reveals full detai. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from Australian Food News: https://www.ausfoodnews.com.au/2015/05/06/woolworths-announces-new-strategies-to-win-over-grocery-shoppers-afn-reveals-full-detail.html Bailey, J., Price, R., Pyman, A., Parker, J. (2015). Union power in retail: contrasting cases in Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, 40(1), 1. Baker, M. J. (2014). Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Booth, S., Coveney, J. (2015). Food democracy: From consumer to food citizen. Springer. Flannigan, N. (2011). Economic Structure and Performance of the Australian Retail Industry. Productivity Commission Draft Report. Global Farmers in Australia. (2014). Do Coles and Woolworths control Australian Agriculture? Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://globalfarmer.com.au/2014/08/coles-woolworth-control-australian-agriculture/ Global Farmers in Australia. (2016). Do Coles and Woolworths control Australian Agriculture? Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://globalfarmer.com.au/2014/08/coles-woolworth-control-australian-agriculture/ Kew, J., Stredwick, J. (2017). Business environment: managing in a strategic context. Kogan Page Publishers. Rajabian Tabesh, A., Batt, P. J., Butler, B. (2016). Modelling the Impact of Environmental and Organizational Determinants on Green Supply Chain Innovation and Performance. Journal of Food Products Marketing, 22(4), 436-454. SBS. (2017). Coles earnings slip Wesfarmers profit up. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2017/08/17/coles-earnings-slip-wesfarmers-profit Smith, E., Smith, A., Hampson, I., Junor, A. (2015). How closely do Australian Training Package qualifications reflect the skills in occupations? An empirical investigation of seven qualifications. International Journal of Training Research, 13(1), 49-63. Sohal, A. S. (2013). Developing competencies of supply chain professionals in Australia: collaboration between businesses, universities and industry associations. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 18(4), 429-439. Sydney Morning Herald . (2015). Woolworths shares facing headwinds, says Morgan Stanley. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/markets/woolworths-shares-facing-headwinds-says-morgan-stanley-20150120-12twvl.html Wardle, J. (2015). Price-based promotions of alcohol: Legislative consistencies and inconsistencies across the Australian retail, entertainment and media sectors. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26(5), 522-530. Wilkins, G. (2014). Woolworths, Wesfarmers among worlds top 20 retailers. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/woolworths-wesfarmers-among-worlds-top20-retailers-20140113-30quy.html Woolworths Group. (2017). Company Results, Full-Year 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/content/Document/Woolworths%20Group%202017%20-%20Analyst%20presentation.pdf Woolworths Group. (2017). Strategies and Objectives. Retrieved August 25, 2017, from https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/about-us/our-approach/strategy-and-objectives/

Energy Harvesting Wireless Communications †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Energy Harvesting Wireless Communications. Answer: Introduction The report will highlight Wi-Max encryption methods, WPAN security challenges, two journal articles reviews and Telestra getting benefits from the wireless cellular network. PKMv2: This protocol has the varied properties and it contains the mutual authentication. This mutual authentication is carried out by integrating the message integrity algorithms, EAP-based protocols and RSA-based protocols, and key management protocols (Sharma Singh, 2017). The protocol is utilized for the authentic exchange of the cryptographic keys for broadcast traffic and multicast traffic. AES: Advanced Encryption Standard is based on Rijndael algorithm. This encryption method is agile and can be configured with ease. It also requires less memory compared to all other encryption standards like PKMv2 or 3DES. Thus all of them prefer this key because of all these advantageous features. The algorithm works on the 128-bit block size of data and this block size of data are arranged in a 4x4 array of bytes and this arrangement is called state. This standard is used to encipher over the air traffic. EAP: EAP protocol is used to connect a computer to the Internet, the authentication procedure that is used and supported by EAP are public key encryption authentication, token cards, smart cards and one-time passwords. The user requests for connection to the wireless network via an access point (Sharma Singh, 2017). The access point asks for ID from the user and transfers data to the authorized users server. Wireless Personal Area Network and its security challenges DDoS attacks: DDoS attacks sabotage one's computer and take the ownership of the computer system thus steal the sensitive information of the computer this kind of attack is very common and this attack generally occurs in insecure wireless personal area network (Achary Lalseta, 2017). The customers may be unaware that their system has been hacked, when they try to enter their system they will find out that their database and the system have been hacked. This can also lead to the shutdown of one's server computer as well. Malware attack: The intruders attack ones computer system via insecure network via virus attacks. The virus installed into ones system can steal ones data, can alter ones data and can even destroy ones files resides in the customer data as well. First paper review: Wireless Sensor Networks is gaining prominence due to the enhancement of Internet of Things as well as Cyber-Physical Systems. In this paper, the effective harvesting system to use the power of WSN technology for WSN environment has been showcased. Various energy predictions models have been prescribed in this paper that has the capability to embellish the energy harvested in Wireless Sensor Network (Shaikh Zeadally, 2016). This paper has also highlighted the issues that need to be detected to embellish the harvesting system for the WSN environment so that the system can be utilized in profitable and effective manner. Second paper review: This paper has highlighted the energy that is harvesting the wireless communications. All the aspects of the wireless networks like network issues, energy harvesting nodes, transmission scheduling policies, resource allocation and harvesting nodes elaborately (Ulukus et al., 2015). Various models associated with harvesting nodes have been detailed with respect to various network scales. Conclusion Wi-Max encryption procedures have been well illustrated in this report. The security challenges associated with WPAN technologies have been showcased too. The two articles have been reviewed as well. A presentation has been well demonstrated stated the benefits that Telestra can acquire from the wireless cellular network. References Achary, R., Lalseta, J. S. (2017). Internet of Things: Essential Technology, Application Domain, Privacy and Security Challenges.International Journal of Computer Applications,157(6). Shaikh, F. K., Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A comprehensive review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,55, 1041-1054. Sharma, S., Singh, H. (2017). An Effectual Approach for Security and Integrity against Wicked Node Attacks in Wi-Max Network Environment.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,10(27). Ulukus, S., Yener, A., Erkip, E., Simeone, O., Zorzi, M., Grover, P., Huang, K. (2015). Energy harvesting wireless communications: A review of recent advances.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,33(3), 360-381.

The Gar free essay sample

The Garaging Language Day by day the World becomes more interconnected, we talk to people from other countries in languages that usually are not our native tongue, multi linguists now outnumber mono linguists and around 25% of the worlds countries recognize two or languages as official (see Pearson). English has become the Lingua Franca of the world and native languages are starting to disappear. The fewer the number of speakers the quicker. One language that seems to have reversed the trend is the Gar[fauna language, indigenous to the Caribbean coasts of Honduras, Guatemala and Belize.Unique in the sense that, unlike other native languages in the Caribbean Area, it did not form a Creole. In the following I will give a brief overview of the origins of the language, the structure, its current state and the reasons why it has been able to resist the phenomenon of language disappearance. The origins of the Garaging remain disputed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Gar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The most prevalent narrative is that of two African slave ships who sank in 1 635 near the island of SST. Vincent. The survivors who made it to the shore shared food and huts with the indigenous population of Arrack-Caries. Due to the Arkansan-Carob wintertime with, Carob dominance, who invaded SST. Vincent and exterminated all Arrack men, the descendants of the Africans were taught different languages. The boys were taught Carob and the girls Arkansan. This resulted in a mixed language communication among the African descendants. Unlike other former slaves around the Caribbean, they effectively rejected their African heritage altogether.These children progressively evolved into the Gar(faunas (Balkans 38). Towards the end of the 18th century the British attempted to enslave the Garaging, who rose up in a revolt, led by Chattier. The revolt was brought to a stop and Chattier executed. The remaining 2026 Gar(faunas were given the choice of slavery or deportation. The ones that chose deportation were eventually abandoned on the island of Root;n in 1797 and spread from there along the Caribbean coast of Honduras, Belize and Guatemala (Balkans 38-39).From there they developed their own culture, and had regular contact with pirates, corsairs and slave traders, resulting in loan words in their own language. During the 1 7th century the language consisted of 45% Arkansan, 25% Carob, 15% French, 10% English and the remaining 5% Spanish (Balkans 39). Following the 1 7th century Carob words profoundly lost prestige and the balance shifted favorably towards Arkansan terms. This variation shift from Arkansan to Carob words consequently lead to a decline of the strict division Of male (Carob) and female (Arkansan) language.Nevertheless a few examples of these diagnosis distinctions remain in common speech, such as the personal pronouns. For example on the one hand men use the word AU to say l, women, on the other, use the word angina. These examples are scarce and are usually abandoned. What prevailed is the grammatical gender of inanimate nouns, ho as opposed to animated nouns, are not always grammatically singular . Even though the rules for the gender of the aforementioned are rather arbitrary than adhering to logic.As a general rule: for containers, vehicles, trees, clothing, material, cutting instruments domesticated plants, fruits and guns are feminine, while words for piercing instruments, body parts, body products and wild plants are (Hill 443). Exceptions, like in English, are presumed to be learned as such. Exceptions to the rule can be shown in pairs such as sundry lemon (male) and aflame coconut (female) (Hill 443). Currently the Garaging population is on a steady incline; according to the 2000 censuses of Belize and Honduras, 15. 85 and 200. 000, respectively, live in their countries (Secure 39) and 5100 in Guatemala (see Barrett). As shown by these figures, the number of Garaging has increased significantly since the 2026 Garaging arrived on Root;n. So why did the language not die out, given the small numbers Of speakers and the dominance of Spanish and English over the region? Mysteries lists four reasons for language shift and death: economic factors, demographic factors, institutional support and status. Today most children are raised by their parents and educated in Spanish and generally do not acquire the Gar(fauna language before the age of 13 (Uric 122). However by the time these children finish high school almost 87. 5 percent of them learn Garaging and speak it as their primary language (Uric 122). This is due to various facts. Firstly in crucial parts of society e. G. Home, family, neighborhood and in the community Gar(fauna is the common language. Secondly Garaging pride themselves on their heritage and put strong emphasis on preserving their culture through language, traditions and dance (Gomez Interview).Thirdly the Garaging experience increasing institutional support, the language and music have been declared a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2008 and Organizations such as the Program for Afro-descendant and Indigenous Education are producing results over recent years to commit towards intercultural bilingual education programs (Uric 152). These cultural habits and efforts in and by the Garaging community in cooperation with international organization such as the UNESCO, the Gar(fauna language has not only overcome the trend of language disappearance, but reversed it.Overall the relationship between Spanish and Garaging has historically been one of connection and exchange (Uric 146) which significantly diminished the negative aspect of overt prestige of Spanish over Garaging. Correspondingly think there are useful things to be learned from the Garaging in terms of language preservation for the future.

Juvenal and Rhetoric essays

Juvenal and Rhetoric essays Can we suppose that Juvenal is using a rhetorical theme to write serious political comment in the satire on the vanity of human wishes? The way Ive interpreted this question is that Juvenal was using Roman rhetorical language and themes that were currently popular, in his works. And that this was strategic in winning over the cases he was making in his satire, just as an orator did in his public speeches. And so I intend to show that Juvenal was writing serious political comment using this rhetorical theme. Firstly, I intend to discuss briefly the nature of Roman rhetorical theme, taking as examples both Quintilian ( first century AD) and Cicero ( first century BC). Then attempt to apply these themes to Juvenal Satire 10, working along the basic structure of the satire, but focusing mainly on the overtly political elements such as specifically the lust for military glory, but also the less obvious examples within themes that would appear non-political. Then reach a conclusion about the seriousness of the satire in this context. Both Cicero and Quintilian have defined the structure in which Roman rhetoric was set out. A rhetorical passage always starts with a prooimion (or exordium in Latin). This is intended to make the listeners more favourably inclined towards one particular argument, by posing questions that are impossible for the audience to disagree with, before launching into the actual attack. This stirs up pity and links the authors needs with that of the general audience , making it appear a moral issue that has only one answer, the one suggested in the rest of the work. After the exordium comes the narrative, which can be either wholly for or against a case . This is the section that traditionally was used to incriminate the people involved , by giving accounts of the facts . Using the moral element to expose hidden motives, which is also a main theme of a lot of Juvenals work. The rest of rhetoric is conce...

Pharaoh Hatshepsut of Egypt Biography

Pharaoh Hatshepsut of Egypt Biography Hatshepsut (Hatshepsowe), one of the rare women pharaohs of Egypt, had a long and successful reign marked by remarkable building projects and lucrative trading expeditions. She campaigned in Nubia (perhaps not in person), sent a fleet of ships to the land of Punt, and had an impressive temple and mortuary complex built in the Valley of the Kings. Hatshepsut was the half-sister and wife of Thutmose II (who died after only a few years on the throne). Hatshepsuts nephew and stepson, Thutmose III, was in line for the throne of Egypt, but he was still young, and so Hatshepsut took over. Being a woman was an obstacle, although a Middle Kingdom female pharaoh, Sobekneferu/Neferusobek, had ruled before her, in the 12th dynasty, so Hatshepsut had precedent. After her death, but not immediately. her name was erased and her tomb destroyed. The reasons continue to be debated. Occupation Ruler Dates and Titles Hatshepsut lived in the 15th century B.C. and ruled in the early part of the 18th Dynasty in Egypt the period known as the New Kingdom. The dates of her rule are variously given as 1504-1482, 1490/88-1468, 1479-1457, and 1473-1458 B.C. (according to Joyce Tyldesleys Hatchepsut). Her reign dates from the start of Thutmose III, her stepson, and nephew, with whom she was co-regent. Hatshepsut was pharaoh or king of Egypt for about 15-20 years. The dating is uncertain. Josephus, quoting Manetho (the father of Egyptian history), says her reign lasted about 22 years. Before becoming pharaoh, Hatshepsut had been Thutmose IIs main or Great Royal Wife. She had not produced a male heir, but he did have sons by other wives, including Thutmoses III. Family Hatshepsut was the oldest daughter of Tuthmose I and Aahmes. She married her half-brother Thutmose II when their father died. She was the mother of Princess Neferure. Other Names WosretkauMaat-ka-reKhnemetamun Hatshepsut Feminine or Masculine Appearance of Hatshepsut A fascinating New Kingdom ruler, Hatshepsut is depicted in a short kilt, a crown or head cloth, a collar and a false beard (Tyldesley, p.130 Hatchepsut). One limestone statue shows her without a beard and with breasts, but usually, her body is masculine. Tyldesley says a childhood depiction presents her with male genitalia. The pharaoh seems to have appeared female or male as need dictated. The pharaoh was expected to be a male in order to maintain the right order of the world Maat. A female upset this order. Besides being male, a pharaoh was expected to intervene with the gods on behalf of the people and be fit. Hatshepsuts Athletic Skill Wolfgang Decker, an expert on sport among the ancient Egyptians, says that at the Sed festival, pharaohs, including Hatshepsut, made a circuit of the pyramid complex of Djoser. The pharaohs run had 3 functions: to demonstrate the pharaohs fitness after 30 years in power, to make a symbolic circuit of his territory, and to symbolically rejuvenate him.[Source: Donald G. Kyle. Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World] It is worth noting that the mummified body, thought to be that of the female pharaoh, was middle-aged and obese. Deir El-bahri (Deir El Bahari) Hatshepsut had a mortuary temple known and without hyperbole as Djeser-Djeseru Sublime of the Sublimes. It was built of limestone at Deir el-Bahri, near where she had her tombs built, in the Valley of the Kings. The temple was primarily dedicated to Amun (as a garden to her so-called [divine] father Amun), but also to the gods Hathor and Anubis. Its architect was Senenmut (Senmut) who may have been her consort and seems to have predeceased his queen. Hatshepsut also restored Amuns temples elsewhere in Egypt. Sometime after Hatshepsuts death, all temple references to her were chiseled off. For more information on this temple, see Archaeology Guide Kris Hirsts The Cache at Deir el-Bahri - Hatshepsuts Palace in Egypt. Hatshepsuts Mummy In the Valley of the Kings is a tomb, called KV60, that Howard Carter found in 1903. It contained 2 badly damaged mummies of women. One was of Hatshepsuts nurse, Sitre. The other was an obese middle-aged woman about 51 tall with her left arm across her chest in a royal position. Evisceration had been performed through her pelvic floor instead of the normal side cut because of her obesity. Sitres mummy was removed in 1906, but the obese mummy was left. American Egyptologist Donald P. Ryan rediscovered the tomb in 1989. It has been suggested that this mummy is that of Hatshepsut and that it was removed to this tomb from KV20 either following a robbery or to protect her from the attempted obliteration of her memory. Egypts Minister of Antiquities, Zahi Hawass, believes a tooth in a box and other DNA evidence proves this is the body of the female pharaoh. Death The cause of Hatshepsuts death, according to a New York Times article from June 27, 2007, citing Zahi Hawass, is thought to be bone cancer. She also appears to have been diabetic, obese, with bad teeth, and about 50-years-old. The body of the pharaoh was identified by a tooth. Sources Chronicle of the Pharaohs, by Peter A. Clayton; Thames Hudson: 1994.Silent Images: Women in Pharaonic Egypt, by Zahi HawassHatchepsut: The Female Pharaoh,  by Joyce A. Tyldesley

Pharaoh Hatshepsut of Egypt Biography

Pharaoh Hatshepsut of Egypt Biography Hatshepsut (Hatshepsowe), one of the rare women pharaohs of Egypt, had a long and successful reign marked by remarkable building projects and lucrative trading expeditions. She campaigned in Nubia (perhaps not in person), sent a fleet of ships to the land of Punt, and had an impressive temple and mortuary complex built in the Valley of the Kings. Hatshepsut was the half-sister and wife of Thutmose II (who died after only a few years on the throne). Hatshepsuts nephew and stepson, Thutmose III, was in line for the throne of Egypt, but he was still young, and so Hatshepsut took over. Being a woman was an obstacle, although a Middle Kingdom female pharaoh, Sobekneferu/Neferusobek, had ruled before her, in the 12th dynasty, so Hatshepsut had precedent. After her death, but not immediately. her name was erased and her tomb destroyed. The reasons continue to be debated. Occupation Ruler Dates and Titles Hatshepsut lived in the 15th century B.C. and ruled in the early part of the 18th Dynasty in Egypt the period known as the New Kingdom. The dates of her rule are variously given as 1504-1482, 1490/88-1468, 1479-1457, and 1473-1458 B.C. (according to Joyce Tyldesleys Hatchepsut). Her reign dates from the start of Thutmose III, her stepson, and nephew, with whom she was co-regent. Hatshepsut was pharaoh or king of Egypt for about 15-20 years. The dating is uncertain. Josephus, quoting Manetho (the father of Egyptian history), says her reign lasted about 22 years. Before becoming pharaoh, Hatshepsut had been Thutmose IIs main or Great Royal Wife. She had not produced a male heir, but he did have sons by other wives, including Thutmoses III. Family Hatshepsut was the oldest daughter of Tuthmose I and Aahmes. She married her half-brother Thutmose II when their father died. She was the mother of Princess Neferure. Other Names WosretkauMaat-ka-reKhnemetamun Hatshepsut Feminine or Masculine Appearance of Hatshepsut A fascinating New Kingdom ruler, Hatshepsut is depicted in a short kilt, a crown or head cloth, a collar and a false beard (Tyldesley, p.130 Hatchepsut). One limestone statue shows her without a beard and with breasts, but usually, her body is masculine. Tyldesley says a childhood depiction presents her with male genitalia. The pharaoh seems to have appeared female or male as need dictated. The pharaoh was expected to be a male in order to maintain the right order of the world Maat. A female upset this order. Besides being male, a pharaoh was expected to intervene with the gods on behalf of the people and be fit. Hatshepsuts Athletic Skill Wolfgang Decker, an expert on sport among the ancient Egyptians, says that at the Sed festival, pharaohs, including Hatshepsut, made a circuit of the pyramid complex of Djoser. The pharaohs run had 3 functions: to demonstrate the pharaohs fitness after 30 years in power, to make a symbolic circuit of his territory, and to symbolically rejuvenate him.[Source: Donald G. Kyle. Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World] It is worth noting that the mummified body, thought to be that of the female pharaoh, was middle-aged and obese. Deir El-bahri (Deir El Bahari) Hatshepsut had a mortuary temple known and without hyperbole as Djeser-Djeseru Sublime of the Sublimes. It was built of limestone at Deir el-Bahri, near where she had her tombs built, in the Valley of the Kings. The temple was primarily dedicated to Amun (as a garden to her so-called [divine] father Amun), but also to the gods Hathor and Anubis. Its architect was Senenmut (Senmut) who may have been her consort and seems to have predeceased his queen. Hatshepsut also restored Amuns temples elsewhere in Egypt. Sometime after Hatshepsuts death, all temple references to her were chiseled off. For more information on this temple, see Archaeology Guide Kris Hirsts The Cache at Deir el-Bahri - Hatshepsuts Palace in Egypt. Hatshepsuts Mummy In the Valley of the Kings is a tomb, called KV60, that Howard Carter found in 1903. It contained 2 badly damaged mummies of women. One was of Hatshepsuts nurse, Sitre. The other was an obese middle-aged woman about 51 tall with her left arm across her chest in a royal position. Evisceration had been performed through her pelvic floor instead of the normal side cut because of her obesity. Sitres mummy was removed in 1906, but the obese mummy was left. American Egyptologist Donald P. Ryan rediscovered the tomb in 1989. It has been suggested that this mummy is that of Hatshepsut and that it was removed to this tomb from KV20 either following a robbery or to protect her from the attempted obliteration of her memory. Egypts Minister of Antiquities, Zahi Hawass, believes a tooth in a box and other DNA evidence proves this is the body of the female pharaoh. Death The cause of Hatshepsuts death, according to a New York Times article from June 27, 2007, citing Zahi Hawass, is thought to be bone cancer. She also appears to have been diabetic, obese, with bad teeth, and about 50-years-old. The body of the pharaoh was identified by a tooth. Sources Chronicle of the Pharaohs, by Peter A. Clayton; Thames Hudson: 1994.Silent Images: Women in Pharaonic Egypt, by Zahi HawassHatchepsut: The Female Pharaoh,  by Joyce A. Tyldesley

Pharaoh Hatshepsut of Egypt Biography

Pharaoh Hatshepsut of Egypt Biography Hatshepsut (Hatshepsowe), one of the rare women pharaohs of Egypt, had a long and successful reign marked by remarkable building projects and lucrative trading expeditions. She campaigned in Nubia (perhaps not in person), sent a fleet of ships to the land of Punt, and had an impressive temple and mortuary complex built in the Valley of the Kings. Hatshepsut was the half-sister and wife of Thutmose II (who died after only a few years on the throne). Hatshepsuts nephew and stepson, Thutmose III, was in line for the throne of Egypt, but he was still young, and so Hatshepsut took over. Being a woman was an obstacle, although a Middle Kingdom female pharaoh, Sobekneferu/Neferusobek, had ruled before her, in the 12th dynasty, so Hatshepsut had precedent. After her death, but not immediately. her name was erased and her tomb destroyed. The reasons continue to be debated. Occupation Ruler Dates and Titles Hatshepsut lived in the 15th century B.C. and ruled in the early part of the 18th Dynasty in Egypt the period known as the New Kingdom. The dates of her rule are variously given as 1504-1482, 1490/88-1468, 1479-1457, and 1473-1458 B.C. (according to Joyce Tyldesleys Hatchepsut). Her reign dates from the start of Thutmose III, her stepson, and nephew, with whom she was co-regent. Hatshepsut was pharaoh or king of Egypt for about 15-20 years. The dating is uncertain. Josephus, quoting Manetho (the father of Egyptian history), says her reign lasted about 22 years. Before becoming pharaoh, Hatshepsut had been Thutmose IIs main or Great Royal Wife. She had not produced a male heir, but he did have sons by other wives, including Thutmoses III. Family Hatshepsut was the oldest daughter of Tuthmose I and Aahmes. She married her half-brother Thutmose II when their father died. She was the mother of Princess Neferure. Other Names WosretkauMaat-ka-reKhnemetamun Hatshepsut Feminine or Masculine Appearance of Hatshepsut A fascinating New Kingdom ruler, Hatshepsut is depicted in a short kilt, a crown or head cloth, a collar and a false beard (Tyldesley, p.130 Hatchepsut). One limestone statue shows her without a beard and with breasts, but usually, her body is masculine. Tyldesley says a childhood depiction presents her with male genitalia. The pharaoh seems to have appeared female or male as need dictated. The pharaoh was expected to be a male in order to maintain the right order of the world Maat. A female upset this order. Besides being male, a pharaoh was expected to intervene with the gods on behalf of the people and be fit. Hatshepsuts Athletic Skill Wolfgang Decker, an expert on sport among the ancient Egyptians, says that at the Sed festival, pharaohs, including Hatshepsut, made a circuit of the pyramid complex of Djoser. The pharaohs run had 3 functions: to demonstrate the pharaohs fitness after 30 years in power, to make a symbolic circuit of his territory, and to symbolically rejuvenate him.[Source: Donald G. Kyle. Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World] It is worth noting that the mummified body, thought to be that of the female pharaoh, was middle-aged and obese. Deir El-bahri (Deir El Bahari) Hatshepsut had a mortuary temple known and without hyperbole as Djeser-Djeseru Sublime of the Sublimes. It was built of limestone at Deir el-Bahri, near where she had her tombs built, in the Valley of the Kings. The temple was primarily dedicated to Amun (as a garden to her so-called [divine] father Amun), but also to the gods Hathor and Anubis. Its architect was Senenmut (Senmut) who may have been her consort and seems to have predeceased his queen. Hatshepsut also restored Amuns temples elsewhere in Egypt. Sometime after Hatshepsuts death, all temple references to her were chiseled off. For more information on this temple, see Archaeology Guide Kris Hirsts The Cache at Deir el-Bahri - Hatshepsuts Palace in Egypt. Hatshepsuts Mummy In the Valley of the Kings is a tomb, called KV60, that Howard Carter found in 1903. It contained 2 badly damaged mummies of women. One was of Hatshepsuts nurse, Sitre. The other was an obese middle-aged woman about 51 tall with her left arm across her chest in a royal position. Evisceration had been performed through her pelvic floor instead of the normal side cut because of her obesity. Sitres mummy was removed in 1906, but the obese mummy was left. American Egyptologist Donald P. Ryan rediscovered the tomb in 1989. It has been suggested that this mummy is that of Hatshepsut and that it was removed to this tomb from KV20 either following a robbery or to protect her from the attempted obliteration of her memory. Egypts Minister of Antiquities, Zahi Hawass, believes a tooth in a box and other DNA evidence proves this is the body of the female pharaoh. Death The cause of Hatshepsuts death, according to a New York Times article from June 27, 2007, citing Zahi Hawass, is thought to be bone cancer. She also appears to have been diabetic, obese, with bad teeth, and about 50-years-old. The body of the pharaoh was identified by a tooth. Sources Chronicle of the Pharaohs, by Peter A. Clayton; Thames Hudson: 1994.Silent Images: Women in Pharaonic Egypt, by Zahi HawassHatchepsut: The Female Pharaoh,  by Joyce A. Tyldesley